Functional Approaches to Mandarin Chinese - 102 Academic Year

中文功能語法專題 - 102學年度

本課程是由 國立陽明交通大學外國語文學系 提供。

The purpose of this course is to provide students with in-depth introduction on the articulation mechanism in human speech. Three main modules covered in the class are

1) Fundamentals of Articulation

2) Software

3) Enact Accent.

Lectures of Articulatory Phonetics will equip student will important knowledge on the field. They will then have hand-on training on tools which greatly facilitate articulatory/acoustic analysis of speech. The students’ performance will be evaluated based on a clip (with distinct accent) they choose to enact.


課程用書:

Chao, Yuenren. 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley U Press.
Charles Li and Sandra Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar. 1981. University of California Press.
James Huang and Audrey Li, eds. 1996. New Horizons in Chinese Linguistics. Kluwer Academic Publisher.
Chaofen Sun. 2006. Chinese: a linguistic introduction. Cambridge Press.

 

為求學習成效完美,請購買課本!

 

授課教師 外國語文學系 劉美君老師
課程學分 3學分
授課年度 102學年度
授課對象 碩士生
預備知識 
課程提供 課程影音   課程綱要  課程行事曆 

 

課程目標

This class is a continuation and advancement of ‘Syntax II: functional approaches to syntax’. It is designed to further students knowledge and understanding of the functional issues and theories involved in the analyses of Mandarin Chinese. Besides the Introduction-recent developments in functional approaches to Chinese, the lectures will focus on 10 major areas to explore the unique characters of Mandarin:

 

1. Basic sentence structure: topic, subject and clause chain

2. Functionalism and Chinese: cognition-based grammar

3. Cognitive basis for grammatical categories: classifiers and VRs

4. Iconicity: temporal sequence and motion sequence

5. The aspectual system: LE/GUO/ZHE and verbal aspect

6. Discourse and grammar: discourse explanation of grammatical form

7. Constructional approach: form-meaning association

8. Emergent grammar: article system

9. Corpus approach: near-synonyms

10. Semantic change and grammatiacalization

 

For each topic, 2-3 papers will be chosen to illustrate how the topic has been dealt with in the literature. The readings serve to provide a solid foundation of classic works and a wide spectrum of important issues concerning the Chinese grammar. Students are encouraged to have a broad knowledge base of all the issues discussed in class and concentrate on 1-2 areas of interest for further investigation. Students are expected to be able to apply the theoretical framework to solve a specific issue related to their interest.

 

The class will eventually enable students to have an in-depth understanding of the unique properties of Mandarin Chinese and to conduct a small-scale research from a chosen functional perspective.

 

課程章節

Week Topic
W1 Introduction of the course
Basic tenets of functional syntax
Chinese vs. English
W2 Functional approaches to Chinese Sentence structure: Topic-Comment
W3 Functionalism and Chinese Grammar
W4Cognitive basis for Categorization/categoriality Why classifiers? Why VRs?
W5Iconicity: word order in Chinese
W6 Aspect in Chinese
W7 Discourse Pragmatic
W8Discourse, grammar and grammaticalization
W9Emergent grammar: Article system
W10 Emergent grammar: Demonstratives
W11Conversational analysis
W12Corpus approach to near-synonyms
W13Corpus approach to verbal semantics
W14 Construction grammar
W15Constructional approach to VRC construction
W16 Happy New Year! No class
W17 Subjectivity and semantic change
W18Class Conference

 

參考書目

a packet of selected papers for weekly reading

 

課程書目

1. Chao, Yuenren. 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley U Press.
2. Charles Li and Sandra Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar. 1981. University of California Press.
3. James Huang and Audrey Li, eds. 1996. New Horizons in Chinese Linguistics. Kluwer Academic Publisher
4. Chaofen Sun. 2006. Chinese: a linguistic introduction. Cambridge Press

 

課前預備

It is strongly recommended that students should have taken Syntax II

 

評分標準

項目百分比
Attendance and participation20%
Weekly reading and group discussion20%
Oral presentation20%
Mid-term Critique20%
Final Project20%

 

參考資料

1. Biq Yung-O, Tai James, Thompson Sandra. 1996. Recent Development in Functional Approaches to Chinese. New Horizons in Chinese Linguistics, 97-140. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Netherlands.

2. Tsao, Feng-Fu. 1990. Subject, Topic and Topic Chain in Chinese. Sentence and Clause Structure in Chinese: a functional perspective. Taipei: Student Book. Co..

3. Tsao, Feng-Fu .1987. A Topic-Comment Approach to the BA Construction. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 15, 1:1-54.

4. Tai, James H-Y. 1989. Toward a cognition-based functional grammar of Chinese. Functionalism and Chinese Grammar, J. Tai and F. Hsueh (ed.), 186-226. Chinese Language Teachers Association Monograph Series No.1. South Orange: Chinese Language Teachers Association.(漢譯文見《功能主義與漢語語法》, 葉蜚聲等譯,北京:北京語言學院出版社,1994)

5. Huang, Chu-Ren. 1990. Review of Tai and Hsueh (eds.), Functionalism and Chinese Grammar. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 18, 2:318-334.

6. Tai, James H-Y and Chao, Fang-Yi. 1994. A Semantic Study of the Classifier ZHANG. Journal of Chinese Linguistics Teachers Association 29, 3:67-78.

7. Xing, Janet Zhiqun. 2012. Semantic change in the grammaticalization of classifiers in Mandarin Chinese. Newest Trends in the Study of Grammaticalization and Lexicalization in Chinese. Janet Zhiqun Xing (Ed.), 270-213. De Gruyter Mouton.

8. Liu, Mei-chun. 1997. Conceptual Basis and Categorial Structure: Mandarin VR compounds. Symposium Series of the Institute of History and Philology Academia Sinica, Number 2. Chinese Languages and Linguistics IV: Typological Studies of Languages in China. Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

9. Tai, James H-Y. 1985. Temporal Sequence and Chinese Word Order. Iconicity in Syntax: Typological Studies in Language: 6. John Haiman (ed.), John Benjamins Publishing Co..

10. Liu et al. 2013. The Proto-Motion Event Schema: Integrating Lexical Semantics and Morphological Sequencing. Paper submitted to Journal of Chinese Linguistics.

11. Tai, James H-Y. 1984. Verbs and Times in Chinese: Vendler’s Four Categories. Papers from the Parsession on Lexical Semantics. Chicago Linguistics Society, 289-296.

12. Smith, Carlota. 1991. The Aspectual System of Mandarin Chinese. The Parameter of Aspect. Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

13. Biq, Yung-O. 1989. Ye as Manifested on Three Discourse Planes: Polysemy or Abstraction? Functionalism and Chinese Grammar. J. Tai and F. Hsueh (ed.), 1-18. Chinese Language Teachers Association Monograph Series No.1. South Orange: Chinese Language Teachers Association.

14. Biq, Yung-O. 2004. People, Things and Stuff: General Nouns in Spoken Mandarin. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics 30, 1: 41-64.

15. Biq, Yung-O. 1991. The Multiple uses of the 2nd person singular pronoun ni in conversational Mandarin. Journal of Pragmatics 16: 307-321. North-Holland.

16. Liu, Mei-Chun. 1994. Discourse Explanations for the Choice of Jiu and Cai in Mandarin Conversation. 《中國境內語言暨語言學》2: 671-709.

17. Liu, Mei-Chun. 1997. From Motion Verb to Linking Elements: Discourse Explanations for the Grammaticalization of Jiu in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 25, 2:258-289.

18. Huang, Shuan-Fan. 1998. The Emergence of a grammatical category definite article in spoken Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics 31: 77-94.

19. Liu, Mei-chun. 2010. Emergence of the indefinite article: discourse evidence for the grammaticalization of YIGE in spoken Mandarin. Formal Evidence in Grammaticalization Research, An Van linden, Jean-Christophe Verstraete and Kristin Davidse (eds.). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Co.

20. Tao, Hongyin. 1999. The Grammar of Demonstratives in Mandarin Conversational Discourse: A Case Study. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 27, 1: 69-103.

21. Fang, Mei. 2012. The emergence of a definite article in Beijing Mandarin: The evolution of the proximal demonstrative zhe. Newest Trends in the Study of Grammaticalization and Lexicalization in Chinese. Janet Zhiqun Xing (Ed.), 55-86. De Gruyter Mouton.

22. Wang, Yu-Fang. 1999. The Information Sequences of Adverbial Clauses in Mandarin Chinese Conversation. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 27, 2: 45-89.

23. Tao, Hong-Yin and Sandra A. Thompson. 1991. English Backchannels in Mandarin Conversations: A Case Study of Superstratum Pragmatic ‘interference.’ Journal of Pragmatics 16: 209-223. North-Holland.

24. 蔡美智、黃居仁、陳克健。1999。由近義詞辨義標準看語意、句法之互動。《中國境內語言暨語言學》,5: 439-459。

25. Chief Lian-Cheng, Huang Chu-Ren, Chen Keh Jiann, Tsai Mei-Chih, Chang, Li-Li. 2000. What Can Near Synonyms Tell Us? Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing 5, 1: 47-60.

26. Liu, Mei-Chun. 2003. Motion, Direction, and Spatial Configuration: A Lexical Semantics Study of ‘HANG’ Verbs in Mandarin. Motion, Direction, and Location in Languages. Shay, Erin and Seibert Uwe (eds.), Typological Studies in Language 56: 177-187.

27. Chang, Li-Li, Chen Keh-Jiann, and Huang, Chu-Ren. 2000. Alternation across Semantic Fields: A Study on Mandarin Verbs of Emotion. Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing 5, 1:61-80.

28. Liu, Mei-chun. 2009. Emotion in grammar: Lexical-constructional interface of Mandarin emotion verbs. Paper presented at The 17th International Conference on Chinese Linguistics (IACL-17), Paris, France, July 2-4, 2009.

29. Liu, Mei-Chun. 2005. Lexical Information and Beyond: Meaning Coercion and Constructional Inference of the Mandarin Verb GAN. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 33, 2:310-332.

30. Liu, Mei-Chun and Chang Chun. 2012. The degree-evaluative construction: Grammaticalization in contructionalization. Newest Trends in the Study of Grammaticalization and Lexicalization in Chinese. Janet Zhiqun Xing (Ed.), 115-148. De Gruyter Mouton.

31. Huang, Han-Chun. 2008. Resultative Verb Compounds in Mandarin: a constructional approach. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Hsinchu: National Tsing Hua University.

32. Liu, Mei-Chun and Hu, Chia-Yin. 2013. Free Alternation? A Study on Grammatical Packaging of Excessive Predication in Mandarin Chinese. Language and Linguistics, 14.1: 47-90.

33. Su, Lily I-Wen. 2004. Subjectification and the Use of the Complementizer SHUO. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics 30.1: 19-40.

34. 張麗麗。2006。漢語使役句表被動的語義發展。Language and Linguistics 7.1:139-174

 

本課程行事曆提供課程進度與考試資訊參考。

學期週次
上課日期
參考課程進度

第一週

09/18
  • Introduction of the course
    Basic tenets of functional syntax
    Chinese vs. English
  •  
  • Reading :Recent development in functional approaches to Chinese
第二週09/25
  • Functional approaches to Chinese
    Sentence structure: Topic-Comment
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Sentence and Clause Structure in Chinese: a functional perspective, ch.2
    2、A topic-comment approach to the BA construction.
第三週10/02
  • Functionalism and Chinese Grammar
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Toward a cognition-based functional grammar of Chinese.
    2、Review of Tai and Hsueh (eds.), Functionalism and Chinese Grammar
第四週10/09
  • Cognitive basis for Categorization/categoriality
    Why classifiers?
    Why VRs?
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、A semantic study of the classifier ZHANG in Mandarin
    2、Semantic change in the grammaticalization of classifier in Chinese
    3、Conceptual Basis and Catergorial Structure: Mandarin VR compounds
第五週10/16
  • Iconicity: word order in Chinese
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Temporal Sequence and Chinese Word Order
    2、The Proto-Motion Event Schema: Integrating lexical semantics and morphological sequencing
第六週10/23
  • Aspect in Chinese
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Verbs and Times in Chinese
    2、The aspectual system of Mandarin
第七週10/30
  • Discourse Pragmatic
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、YE as manifested on three discourse planes
    2、People, things and stuff: General Nouns in Spoken Mandarin
    3、The multiple uses of the 2nd person singular pronoun NI in conversation
第八週11/06
  • Discourse, grammar and grammaticalization
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Discourse explanations for the choice of JIU and CAI in Mandarin conversation
    2、From motion verb to linking element: discourse explanation for the grammaticalization of JIU
第九週11/13
  • Emergent grammar: Article system
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、The emergence of a grammatical category: definite article in spoken Chinese
    2、Emergence of the indefinite article: Discourse evidence for the grammaticalization of yige in? spoken Mandarin
第十週11/20
  • Emergent grammar: Demonstratives
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、The grammar of demonstratives in Mandarin conversational discourse: a case study
    2、The emergency of a definite article in Beijing Mandarin
第十一週11/27
  • Conversational analysis
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、The information sequences of adverbial clauses in Mandarin Conversation
    2、English backchannels in Mandarin Conversation
第十二週12/04
  • Corpus approach to near-synonyms
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、由近義詞辯義標準看語意句法之互動
    2、What can near-synonyms tell us?
    3、Motion, Direction and Spatial Configuration: Verb of hanging
第十三週12/11
  • Corpus approach to verbal semantics
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Alternation across semantic fields: a study of Mandarin verbs of emotion
    2、Emotion in grammar
第十四週12/18
  • Construction grammar
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Lexical information and beyond: meaning coercion and constructional inference of GAN
    2、The degree-evaluative construction: grammaticalization in constructionalization
第十五週12/25
  • Constructional approach to VRC construction
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Resultative Verb Compounds in Mandarin: a constructional approach - Ph. D dissertation
    2、Free alternation? grammatical packaging of excessive predication
第十六週01/01
  • Happy New Year! No class
  •  
  • Reading :
    Pick a topic for your final project Work on the paper
第十七週01/08
  • Subjectivity and semantic change
  •  
  • Reading :
    1、Subjectivity and the semantics of SHUO
    2、漢語使役句表被動的語意發展
第十八週01/15
  • Class Conference
  •  
  • Reading :
    Each student will present the preliminary findings of their research Final paper due 01/19 before midnight
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